Timeline of the 20th Century 1900 - 1999

timeline 20th century
YearEventNarrative
1895-1902Conservative Government PM is Marquess of Salisbury
Robert Gascoyne - Cecil
PM is Marquess of Salisbury
Robert Gascoyne - Cecil
1900The Khaki ElectionThe Khaki ElectionThe Khaki Election in which a Conservative Unionist government were confirmed in power.
1900Labour Representation CommitteeCreated for the promotion of working class candidates for parliamentary seats and the establishment of an independent labour group in the House of Commons.
1901Death of Queen Victoria King Edward VII ascends the throne.
1902Education Reform ActLaw and Society
1902-1905Conservative government with PM Andrew BalfourGovernment
1903Joseph Chamberlain launched his campaign for tariff reform.Government, law
1904Entente CordialeThe deterioration in relations between the European great powers led Britain and France to negotiate the Entente Cordiale. This was a settlement of disputes between the two powers in all parts of the world.
1905Death of Dr BarnardoHe opened his first home in 1867 in Stepney London. Over 100,000 children entered them.
1905-1908Liberal government with PM Sir Henry Campbell BannermanGovernment
1908-1915Liberal government in lead-up to war with Herbert (HH) Asquith as PMGovernment
1909Constitutional Crisis People’s Budget 1909 Lloyd George's budget was being blocked by the House of Lords dominated by the Conservatives. The Lords were blocking true democracy as an unelected body opposing the will of the 'elected' House of Commons. It would take two General Elections and the death of the King but eventually the democratic principle would be upheld in the Parliament Act. Government
1909Bleriot flies the ChannelThe Frenchman took off in his monoplane from Calais and 31 mins later crossed the English cliffs near Dover.
1910King Edward VII died and George V, his eldest surviving son succeeds him. See Edwardian Period and Era 1901-1910and period and/or House of Windsor 1910 onwardsMonarchy
1912Sinking of the TitanicOn her maiden voyage the largest ship afloat was steaming full speed ahead when she struck an iceberg and sank . 1513 people lost their lives.
1912The Scott Antarctic Expedition arrive at the South Pole.The British Antarctic Expedition under the command of Captain Robert Falcon Scott left England in 1910. They reached the Pole only to discover the Norwegian explorer Amundsen had got there a month earlier. The party perished on the return journey.
1913Tragedy at the DerbySupporters of Mrs Pankhurst's Women Social and Political Union campaigned for womens suffrage. One of them , Miss Davison threw herself in front of the King's horse at Tattenham Corner in the Derby and was killed.
1914-1918WW1 World War IWar and conflict
1915-1916Lib Government of Herbert Asquith relectedGovernment
1916Ireland Home Rule and Easter Rising.War and conflict
1916-1922Liberal Government with reforming David Lloyd George as PMGovernment
1917Balfour Declaration Issued by British GovernmentGovernment and International Relations and Empire
1919Paris Peace Conference 1919 after World War 1 setup to deal with post war peace making after the armistice had been called. The end of conflict was in sime ways just the beginning o the problems that would follow and be at least a contributing factor to the cause of WW2.War and Conflict and Government
1922Winston Churchill hosts 1st Cairo Conference and is working with Gertrude Bell and T E Lawrence.International Relations and Government
1922-1923Conservative government led by Andrew Bonar LawGovernment
1923-1924Conservative government led by Stanley BaldwinGovernment
1924-1929Conservative Government led by Stanley BaldwinGovernment
1924 Jan-NovLabour Government Ramsay MacDonaldGovernment
1925General StrikeAfter 9 months of crisis the coal miners refused to accept a reduction in wages and came out on strike. The TUC ordered a sympathetic strike by railwaymen, transport workers and printers. It collapsed after 9 days.
1929Collapse of the American stock marketThe 'Great Slump' began in 1929 and then deepened for 3 - 4 years. In Britain it broke the second Labour government and in America it led to Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal. In Germany it led to Hitler.
1929-1930sGreat DepressionEconomy
1929-1931Labour Government led by Ramsay MacDonaldGovernment
1931-1935Labour Government led by Ramsay MacDonaldGovernment
1935-1937,strong>Conservative Government led Stanley Baldwin oversees the country through the Abdication Crisis and the new King George VI crowned.Government
1936King George V died, Edward VII proclaimed King but not crowned. There is an Abdication crisis as the King wishes to marry twice divorced American Mrs Simpson. His brother Duke of York becomes King. Edward VII (David) leaves country marries mistress and becomes Duke of Windsor.Monarchy
1936Nazi rally at NurembergVast and theatrically staged rallies were a feature of the Nazi party's rise and continued after Hitler was made Chancellor in 1933.
1937-1939Neville Chamberlain Prime MinisterNeville ChamberlainGovernment
1938Chamberlain returned from MunichHitler began his invasions of his European neighbours. After Austrian came Czechoslovakia. France was bound by treaty to Czechoslovakia and Britain to France. War seemed inevitable but then Hitler agreed to meet Chamberlain who came away with a piece of paper signed by Hitler which he accepted as a 'No more War' pledge
1939Outbreak of WWIII
1939-1940Conservative government: Neville Chamberlain 2nd brief term as Appeasement fails he resigns.Government
1940-1945Winston Churchill Government
1945VE DayGermany surrendered unconditionally to the Allies on the 7th May
1945First atom bomb droppedOn the morning of 6th August a US aircraft dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima Japan. Nearly 200,000 people were killed and injured.
1945-1951Labour Government led by Clement AttleeGovernment
1945 May-JulyWinston Churchill Government
1951-1955Sir Winston Churchill Government
1955-1957Conservative Government led by Sir Anthony EdenGovernment
1956Suez Crisis (Tripartite Aggression) Britain is not supported by the US which prefers a peaceful solution.War and Conflict and Government International Relations
1957-1963Conservative Government: Harold MacmillanGovernment
1963-1964Sir Alec Douglas HomeGovernment
1964-1970Labour Government Harold WilsonGovernment
1970-1974Conservative Government led by Edward Heath. Britain joins the European Economic Community. The industrial action and strife would lead to an enforced restriction on commercial organisations of no more than 3 consecutive days consumption of electricity per working week to conserve electricity, with exemptions for some essential services.
Government
1974-1976Harold WilsonGovernment
1976-1979James CallaghanGovernment
1979-1990Margaret ThatcherGovernment
1990-1991Gulf War leads to toppling of the Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein.War and Conflict, International Relations, Governemnt
1990-1997Conservative Government led by John MajorGovernment
1997-2007New Labour Government led by Tony BlairGovernment
1998Irish Problems: Good Friday AgreementWar and Conflict Government International Affairs

 

Empire of the last century was at its peak but how will it transform in the 20th Century?

Empire still dominates the beginning of this century but conditions for the labouring classes gets harder and harder in Europe, as countries swing between nationalism and empire.

The Boxer Rebellion is defeated and the Boer War ends. Russia and Japan squabble over Korea and Manchuria, in fact there are squabbles all over the world, a certain discontent amongst the nations as powerful leaders push hard against each other. NYT2008102420151587C

On the streets, people are demanding universal suffrage.In America and Britain workers are in dispute and strikes and unions become part of working life.

In Russia, strikes, peasant uprisings in many provinces, revolutionary movements among national minorities and rebellions in the armed forces are developing.

Queen Victoria dies and society in Britain changes as a result. The Edwardian Period begins and Edward VII ascends the throne.

Albert Einstein submits a paper in which he develops his argument for E=mc2 and the Wright brothers experiment with engine powered flight.

Electricity, automobiles and radio changes the world for everyone

Political norms are changing all over the world. Britain's Parliament Act makes it possible for the House of Commons to pass legislation without the approval of the House of Lords, revolutionizing British politics, the centre of power moves from the elite to the people. The Irish question is tackled,  Britain's House of Commons passes "Home Rule", legislation designed to give a measure of self-government and dominion status to "Southern Ireland," what will eventually become the Irish Free State.

Country upon country declare war as Germans agree to defend their 'homeland' at all costs

World War I grips the world and all things change irrevocably. The map of the world changes.

Saxe=Coburg to Windsor and a new Royal House is born.

Saxe=Coburg to Windsor and a new Royal House is born.

America and other nations fall into depression, Russia faces it's greatest challenge at the hands of Lenin and Stalin. Women gain the vote in Britain and forge new employment opportunities for themselves.

Chancellor Hitler delivers his

"Proclamation to the German Nation" It begins: "More than fourteen years have passed since the unhappy day when the German people, blinded by promises from foes at home and abroad, lost touch with honor and freedom, thereby losing all."

By 1945 we need Winston at the helm.British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in Military Dress

  • The world is once again thrown into turmoil, the war ends with a chaotic mess in it's wake. The iron curtain rises and a new war, a Cold War emerges, in which suspicion and cynicism mark political decisions.
  • The race for space begins with the Russians and the Americans vying with each other for supremacy.
  • The Israeli Palestinian problems becomes critical. Racial tensions mount in America.
  • Music, art and literature change our culture. The swinging sixties throws life into a vortex of sexual and political revolution.
  • The Vietnam War exposes America and television allows the conflict to spill out into our homes.
  • Terrorism becomes a commonly used word in Britain as the Irish conflict brings acts of terror to British streets.
  • Supersonic flight becomes possible with the production of the Concord aircraft.
  • Problems in the Middle East threaten security around the world.
  • Women finally get to vote

Berners Lee invents the world wide web and life is never the same again

 

 

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